ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the common bacteria and change in antimicrobial resistance in an intensive care unit (ICU)in the past 5 years,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Bacteria isolated from ICU patients in a tertiary first-class hospital from 2009 to 2013 were collected,identified,and per-formed antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Results A total of 1 196 bacteria isolates were isolated in 2009-2013, the top five species were Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii,29.60%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P . aeruginosa,14.38%),Staphylococcus aureus (S .aureus ,12.21 %),Escherichia coli (E.coli,12.21 %),and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K .pneumoniae ,11 .37%).Resistance rates of S .aureus to oxacillin,gentamycin, clindamycim,ciprofloxacin,and rifampicin showed a decreasing tendency from 2009 to 2013(all P 80% in 2009-2011 and 10.53% in 2013,A.baumannii had high resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents(resistance rates were >80%)during 5 years.Resistance rates of K .pneumoniae and E. coli to piperacillin/tazobactam,cefazolin,cefepime,amikacin,and aztreonam had a decreased tendency in 2009 -2013(all P <0.05).Conclusion The common bacteria causing infection in the ICU of this hospital showed a down-ward trend,which may be related to the introduction of national policies and management of hospital,continuous management of antimicrobial agents is suggested,antimicrobial agents should be used rationally to prevent the in-crease of bacterial resistance.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the precision and uncertainty and comparison analysis of 6 items blood lipids index among 5 different Beckman AU biochemical testing systems ,such as triglyceride(TG) ,total cholesterol(TCHO) ,high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL‐C) ,low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL‐C) ,apolipoproteins A1(APOA1) ,apolipoproteins B(APOB) .Meth‐ods According to the document the EP15‐A2 of national Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards ,6 items blood lipids index were respectively detected by 5 different Beckman AU biochemical testing systems to obtain precision and comparison .The intra‐and inter‐precision and results of comparability among different system were low than 1/4 or 1/3 or 1/2 CLIA′88 as evaluation standard ,respectively .The measurement uncertainty of these items were evaluated by the calibrator uncertainty and internal quality control and external quality control .Results The intra‐and inter‐or day‐to‐day precision and relative bias were accepted by clinical requirements .The expanded measurement uncertainty for TG was 0 .079 mmol/L and 0 .035mmol/L .The expanded measurement uncertainty for TCHO was 0 .248 mmol/L and 0 .157 mmol/L .The expanded measurement uncertainty for HDL‐C was 0 .144 mmol/L and 0 .018 mmol/L .The expanded measurement uncertainty for LDL‐C was 0 .140 mmol/L and 0 .186 mmol/L .The ex‐panded measurement uncertainty for APOA1 was 0 .148 mmol/L and 0 .090 mmol/L .The expanded measurement uncertainty for APOB was 0 .104 mmol/L and 0 .058 mmol/L .Conclusion The results of 6 items blood lipids index respectively show well preci‐sion and significantly correlation among 5 different Beckman AU biochemical testing systems and the results were comparable ,and the influence factor of detection results were expression directly by evaluating the measurement uncertainty of 6 items blood lipids index .This way of assessment is simple .